Name: Knowunity
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Čeština

https://content-eu-central-1.knowunity.com/CONTENT/01964fde-e63a-7bca-adcf-ea02ebfc2400_COMPRESSED.pdf

01964fde-e63a-7bca-adcf-ea02ebfc2400

Souhrn

Lenka Formandlová

Česká republika

Gymnázium

Angličtina

The Czech Republic

--- OCR Start ---
15. THE CZECH REPUBLIC
• situated in central Europe
• an inland country
• borders with Poland on the north, Germany on the west, Austria on the south, and Slovakia on the
east
about 11 million inhabitants
there are also different national minorities - Slovaks, Poles, Germans or Hungarians
divided into 14 regions and the capital city of Prague
• composed of three historical regions: Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia
• CZ was established on the 1st of January 1993
• member of NATO and the European Union
official language - Czech
• religion atheists/catholics
HISTORY
• 4th century BC - Celtic tribes settled in the area of Moravia
833 - Great Moravia was created
• in 9th century - Czech state was united by the Přemyslid dynasty (until 1306)
• 14th century - during the Charles IV (Luxembourg) the Kingdom expanded - Holy Roman Empire
• 15th century - Hussite Wars (political-religious conflicts, Jan Hus (1371-1415) - was burnt to death)
• 16th century - Thirty Years War (1618-1648)
• after TYW there was strong Germanisation (Czech language was driven away from state, schools,
business) - this was stopped by Czech National Revival
• Czechoslovakia was established in 1918 after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
• on the 1st of January 1993 it was divided into two separate states - the Czech Republic and the
Slovak Republic
• 1939-45: Nazi occupation of our country, WWII
• 1948: Communistic putsch in Czechoslovakia
• 1960-90: period of duration ČSSR (Czechoslovak Socialist Republic)
• 1968: Russian occupation, Prague spring
• 17 of November 1989: Velvet revolution - students revolt against Communistic regime
NATIONAL SYMBOLS
• The Czech flag was first adopted in 1918 as the flag of the newly established Czechoslovakia. It
consists of a horizontal white band above a red band and a blue triangle. The blue triangle originally
represented Slovakia, but it was kept as a part of the Czech flag even after the split of
Czechoslovakia.
The coat of arms - two-tailed Bohemian lion, and the Moravian (red and silver) and Silesian (black)
eagles
• National anthem - Kde domov můj
--- OCR End --- --- OCR Start ---
POLITICAL SYSTEM
• parliamentary democracy
• the Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Deputies (200 members) and the
Senate (81 members)
• the executive branch is represented by the government and the president
• after parliamentary election the president appoints the prime minister, usually from a
winning party, to form a government
• the president is elected directly by the people for a five-year-long term
GEOGRAPHY
• borders are formed by mountains
• the highest mountain is Sněžka 1602 m in the Krkonoše Mountains
• Mountains: the Krušné Mountains, Jizerské m., Orlické m., Beskydy or Jeseníky
• Rivers: Elbe, Vltava, Morava and Oder. They flow into three different seas: the North Sea, Baltic Sea
and Black Sea.
• South Bohemia is known for there are ponds freshwater fish are farmed there, especially carp.
• The largest pond is called Rožmberk
• the lowlands are important for farming. Polabská nížina
• moderate climate with four seasons - spring, summer, autumn and winter
• Lipno,...
AGRICULTURE
It is developed enough to feed the population and be able to export its product too.
Wheat, maize, sugar-beet, grapes, potatoes, hops, vegetables and fruit are grown
Animal production: cattle-breeding, pig breeding, fish-breeding (especially carp-breeding - South
Bohemia ponds) - has a long tradition
ECONOMY / INDUSTRY
• The Czech Republic is traditionally an industrial country.
Engineering (strojírenství) - most important part of economy: machine tools (nářadí, nástroje),
locomotives, trams, tractors, cars (Skoda)
Metalurgical industry
Chemical industry
• Steel (ocel) industry
• Tourism
• Textile and glass industries have a long tradition - Jablonec nad Nisou (jewelry)
Food production
• Electrical energy from coal and uranium
TOURISM
• the historic center of Prague is the primary tourist attraction
• there are famous spas: Karlovy Vary, Františkovy lázně and Mariánské lázně
other tourist sites are our castles and chateaux, such as:
• Karlštejn - one of the most famous Czech castles was founded by Charles IV in the 14th century
• Konopiště, Český Krumlov
--- OCR End --- • you can also visit sandy rocks in Český ráj or stalactite caves in Moravský kras
MAJOR CITIES
• Prague, Brno, Ostrava, Plzeň, Olomouc, Zlín, HK
UNESCO
1. Litomyšl Castle One of the most important examples of Renaissance architecture, opera festival
Smetana's Litomyšl take place here (born town of B. Smetana)
2. Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc One of the tallest Baroque memorial columns in the Czech Republic
with copper statues
3. Třebíč - The historical centre with Romanesque
Gothic basilica
4. The Historical Centre of Telč The towns square with Renaissance and Baroque
houses
5. Kutná hora a medieval mining town which became rich because of silver deposits,
historical center, church of St. Barbara.
6. Lednice - Valtice Cultural Landscape
CZECH CUSINE
• We eat 5 times a day, main course is the lunch so in the morning and in the evening we try to eat
light meals.
• Also, we eat dinner very early (at 6 o'clock) and then we don't eat something more.
• Soup is a big part of our cuisine-goulash, bouillon with liver dumplings, dill soup (koprovka)
• As a side dish is used cooked cabbage, sauerkraut, spinach, dumplings or potatoes
• In general czech cuisine consist of fatty meals with lard and flour. We eat a lot of bread and cakes.
We are the first in Europe in drinking beer; the most famous is Pilsner Urquel. The most typical
alcoholic beverage is Slivovitz or Carlsbad Becher Liqueur.
• Our national meals are:
• National meal is roast pork with dumplings and cabbage (sauerkraut)
• Breaded and fried pork with potato salad
• Fruit dumplings with cottage cheese
• Popular czech deserts are: hot cross bun, kolaches (AmE), christmas sweets, strudel
• One of the most popular sweets is thermal wafer - Kolonády or now Trdelník gained a lot of
popularity
• Well-known is also pub food, such as pickled sausage, cold plate, goulash, tenderloin.
SPORT
• The Czech Republic has a rich sporting culture
• Favourite sports are football and ice-hockey
• Some successful tennis players and athletes as well
• Also deep tradition in winter sports, thanks to its geography
• Famous people:
• football - Petr Čech, Pavel Nedvěd, Milan Baroš
• ice hockey - Jaromír Jágr, Dominik Hašek, Jakub Voráček
• tennis - Petra Kvitová, Tomáš Berdych, Martina Navrátilová
• basketball - Jiří Zídek, Tomáš Satoranský
• Clubs: --- OCR Start ---
• football - Sparta Prague, Slavia Prague, Baník Ostrava
• ice hockey - Sparta Prague, Oceláři Třinec, Dynamo Pardubice
• basketball - Nymburk, USK Praha, Slavia Praha
CZECH PERSONALITIES
• Sport: Jaromír Jágr, Dominik Hašek, Martina Navrátilová (won Wimbledon nine times) Emil Zátopek and
Jarmila Kratochvílová, Dana Zátopková and Jan Železný, Tomáš Dvořák (decathlete), Roman Šebrle (the
first decathlete ever to break 9000 points)
• Art: Karel Čapek - writer, novelist, journalist, he coined word Robot (R.U.R.), Antonín Dvořák -
composer (Slavonic Dancers- Slovanské tance, From the New World - Novosvětská, Bartered bride -
Prodaná nevěsta), Bedřich Smetana - composer (Vltava, The Bartered Bride), Miloš Forman - director
(Amadeus, One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest.)
• Politics: Václav Havel, T. G. Masaryk, Milada Horáková
MY FAVOURITE PLACES
• Králíky
Šumava
• Květnice
--- OCR End ---

The Czech Republic

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The Czech Republic

Registruj se a získej neomezený přístup k tisícům studijních materiálů. Je to zdarma!

Registruj se a získej neomezený přístup k tisícům studijních materiálů. Je to zdarma!

Registruj se a získej neomezený přístup k tisícům studijních materiálů. Je to zdarma!

Registruj se a získej neomezený přístup k tisícům studijních materiálů. Je to zdarma!

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Knowunity je vzdělávací aplikace číslo 1 v pěti evropských zemích

Knowunity byla vyzdvižena společností Apple a pravidelně vede žebříčky v App Store v kategorii vzdělávání v Německu, Itálii, Polsku, Švýcarsku a Spojeném království. Připoj se ke Knowunity ještě dnes a pomoz milionům studentů po celém světě.

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#1

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